1. Method Name

TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)

2. Alternative Names

The Theory of Solving Inventive Problems (from Russian)

3. Brief Description

TRIZ is a systematic, algorithmic method for solving technical and engineering problems. It is based on the assumption that most innovative solutions are founded on a small number of universal principles and that technical systems evolve according to predictable patterns.

4. Purpose / When to Use

It is used to resolve seemingly unsolvable technical contradictions (e.g., "I want the product to be stronger, but also lighter"). It is an advanced tool for innovation, product development, and finding groundbreaking technical solutions.

5. Procedure / How to Apply It

The basic procedure involves:
1. Formulate the problem as a contradiction: Identify two parameters that are in conflict. One improves, the other worsens.
2. Abstract the problem: Translate the specific problem into one of the 39 standard TRIZ technical parameters (e.g., “strength,” “weight,” “speed”).
3. Use the contradiction matrix: Find the intersection of the improving and deteriorating parameters in the matrix. The matrix will recommend several of the 40 innovation principles that have historically proven effective in solving this type of contradiction.
4. Apply the innovation principles: Review the recommended principles (e.g., “Segmentation,” “Asymmetry,” “Combination”) and consider how they could be applied to your specific problem to find a solution.
5. Test the solution.

6. A Real-World Example

Problem: We want to increase the pressure in the garden hose (parameter to be improved: Pressure), but we don’t want it to burst (parameter to be worsened: Strength). TRIZ: The conflict matrix for Pressure/Strength may suggest Principle No. 15, “Dynamization” (changing a static object into a dynamic one), or No. 1, “Segmentation.” Solution (inspired by the principles): Instead of a single thick hose, use a hose with internal composite reinforcement (segmentation at the micro-level) that changes its properties under pressure (dynamization).

7. Benefits

- A systematic approach to innovation: It replaces random brainstorming with a structured algorithm
.- Solves seemingly unsolvable problems: It focuses directly on overcoming technical trade-offs.
- Utilizes a global knowledge base: It is based on the analysis of hundreds of thousands of patents and innovative solutions
.- Expands thinking: It forces engineers to think in terms of abstract and unconventional principles.

8. Risks / Limits

- High complexity: It requires in-depth training and practice. It is not a method you can learn in a single afternoon.
- Focus on technology: It is primarily intended for technical and engineering problems; its application to “soft” problems is more complex.
- Need for proper problem formulation: The success of the method depends on the ability to correctly define the problem and the contradiction.

9. Practical Tips

- Start with the 40 principles: Even without a full understanding of the theory, going through the 40 innovation principles can be a great source of inspiration for brainstorming.
- TRIZ is not just a matrix of contradictions: It includes many other tools, such as substance-field analysis, trends in the evolution of technical systems, and the ARIZ algorithm.